How does the Tariff Commission determine 'injury' to a domestic industry?

• A. By analyzing only export market trends.
• B. By assessing adverse effects such as price suppression, increased imports, lost market share, declining domestic production, and financial impact, based on data and testimony.
• C. By measuring consumer satisfaction.
• D. By evaluating currency exchange rates.

Answer: (B)

Injury is shown by demonstrating adverse effects on the domestic industry caused by the imports under review, using a combination of objective data and testimony. The Tariff Commission weighs several indicators together—price suppression or depression, rising import volumes, loss of market share to imports, declining domestic production, and negative financial impacts such as weaker profits or employment effects—to decide whether the domestic industry is being harmed. The analysis relies on data like trade statistics, price trends, production and capacity data, financial statements, and testimony from industry representatives, workers, and other stakeholders to establish both the presence of injury and a causal link to the imports.

Other factors mentioned do not fit as injury metrics. Export market trends focus on foreign markets rather than harm to the domestic industry. Consumer satisfaction measures the consumer side, not the impact on producers. Currency exchange rates influence costs and competitiveness but are not, by themselves, the determination of injury to a domestic industry.