Under which law was the Tariff Commission re-established as an independent body?

• A. Republic Act No. 1937 (Tariff and Customs Code)
• B. Presidential Decree No. 1
• C. Republic Act No. 934
• D. Tariff Act of 1909

Answer: (A)

The question tests knowledge of which law formally re-established the Tariff Commission as an independent body. Republic Act No. 1937, known as the Tariff and Customs Code, did exactly that by reorganizing tariff administration and creating the Tariff Commission as a distinct, autonomous entity separate from routine customs operations. This allowed the Commission to focus on tariff policy, advisory recommendations, and monitoring of tariff measures with a measure of independence from the Bureau of Customs and other executive agencies.

Other options don’t fit because they either relate to different reforms or predate the independent status in question. Presidential Decree No. 1 involves broader administrative changes, not specifically re-establishing the Tariff Commission as an independent body. The Tariff Act of 1909 is a U.S. law and not the Philippine law that established the Commission. Republic Act No. 934 pertains to other matters and does not define the Tariff Commission’s independent status.